L’vov, Aleksey Fyodorovich

(5 June, 1798, Tallinn, Estonia – 28 December 1879, Kaunas, Lithuania)

   A professional engineer, he was director of the Russian imperial court chapel choir from 1837 and composed about three dozen kheruvimskiye pesni (Orthodox communion hymns) and a Latin Stabat mater (1851) that nonetheless imitated the znamennīy chant. He also composed the Russian national anthem Bozhe, tsarya khrani ("God Save the Tsar," 1833).